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Laser Cutting and Engraving Terms Dictionary
CAD

CAD is an acronym for Computer Aided Design or Computer Aided Drafting.  CAD programs create vector based graphics, which can be used for laser cutting or engraving.  CAD programs can be 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional, but all laser cutting is performed with 2-dimensional representations of the part to be cut.  Examples of CAD programs include AutoCAD, Rhino3D, Alibre, and many others.

 
CAM

CAM is an acronym for Computer Aided Manufacturing.  This is a broad category that covers a large number of manufacturing techniques driven by CAD drawings and CNC (computer numerically controlled) machines.  Laser cutting and engraving falls into this category of manufacturing.  CAM provides a level of quality and detail that is unattainable by traditional manufacturing techniques.

 
DPI

Dots per inch, or DPI, is a measure of the resolution of the laser engraving.  The Laser Edge Cutters laser is capable of laser engraving in 300, 600, and 1200 DPI resolutions.

 
Kerf

Kerf is the amount of material removed by the laser while laser cutting (see illustration in the image below).  Actual kerf depends on the material thickness and density.  Please see this table(need to insert link here) for some sample values.

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Laser Cutting

Laser cutting is a high power laser processing technique where the laser penetrates completely through the material.  Laser cutting requires vector graphics produced by a CAD or illustration program.  Raster graphics can be converted by Laser Edge Cutters to vector graphics upon request.

 
Laser Engraving

Laser Engraving is a low power laser processing technique where details are burned into the material at a shallow depth.  Laser Engraving can be done at up to 1200 dpi.  Raster graphics are best for laser engraving, and can include anything from lines and text to photos and logos.

 
Raster Image

Raster graphics are images composed of fixed colored pixels, such as a photo or a scanned drawing.  Raster graphics are best for laser engraving.  Most paint type programs (Paint, PhotoShop, Gimp, and PhotoPaint for example) use raster graphics.

See the illustration below for an basic comparison of raster and vector graphics.

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Vector Image

Vector graphics are composed of scalable entities, such as lines, curves, circles, and text.  Vector graphics can be laser engraved or laser cut.  Most illustration type programs (CorelDraw and Illustrator for example) use vector graphics.

See the illustration below for an basic comparison of raster and vector graphics.

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